Composer’s Note:

When the climate becomes dark and light is gone, faith in darkness can sustain ones spirit. Fe Oscura for orchestra was written in 2025 and commissioned by the University of Texas Permian Basin. It is dedicated to the late Ronald Bennett of Odessa, Texas who was a musical giant of the community. He was indispensable and influential in forever shaping me as a composer and musician while in junior high and high school. I will always be indebted to him.